The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was created as a direct response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. After the attacks, investigations showed that U.S. government agencies had failed to properly share information and coordinate security efforts. At the time, responsibility for border control, immigration, transportation safety, emergency response, and intelligence was spread across many different federal agencies, making coordination more difficult.
In November 2002, Congress passed the Homeland Security Act, officially creating the Department of Homeland Security as a Cabinet-level department. DHS began operations on March 1, 2003, marking the largest reorganization of the federal government since the creation of the Department of Defense in 1949.
The purpose of DHS was to bring together agencies whose missions related to homeland protection under one central department. In total, 22 existing federal agencies were merged into DHS. This new structure was designed to improve communication, eliminate overlap, and strengthen the nation’s ability to prevent terrorist attacks, respond to natural disasters, secure borders, and protect critical infrastructure. Since its creation, DHS has become one of the largest and most powerful departments in the federal government.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) was created in 2003 as part of DHS and is responsible for enforcing immigration and customs laws within the interior of the United States. Unlike border agencies, ICE operates mainly inside the country. ICE is organized into two main operational divisions:
The first division is Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO). ERO is responsible for identifying, arresting, detaining, and removing non citizens who violate U.S. immigration laws. This division manages immigration detention facilities, oversees deportation flights, and operates alternatives to detention programs. ERO officers have been at the forefront of many of the law enforcement surges in larger cities under the Trump administration. Their tactics have called into question their commitment and training to protect our Constitutional rights.
The second division is Homeland Security Investigations (HSI). HSI is the investigative arm of ICE and focuses on serious cross border criminal activity. HSI agents investigate crimes such as human trafficking, drug smuggling, financial fraud, cybercrime, and illegal export of weapons or technology.
Over the past five years, DHS has consistently received over $80 billion per year in federal funding, with yearly budgets increasing due to spending on disaster relief, border security, immigration enforcement, and cybersecurity. In recent years, DHS budgets have exceeded $100 billion, making it one of the most well-funded agencies in the federal government.
Historically, ICE received a yearly budget of approximately $8–10 billion between fiscal years 2021 and 2024. However, beginning in 2025, ICE received a massive funding increase through special congressional appropriations for immigration enforcement. This funding dramatically expanded ICE’s resources and made it the highest funded federal law enforcement agency. As DHS and ICE continue to expand, their size and funding raise important questions about accountability, effectiveness, and the long term role of homeland security agencies in American government.
The DHS budget now exceeds many traditional Cabinet departments. Even more striking is the rapid increase in funding for Immigration and Customs Enforcement, whose resources now rival or surpass those of long standing federal law enforcement agencies such as the FBI. These budget changes reflect a major shift in national priorities, especially toward immigration enforcement and internal security. The 2025 budget comparisons raise significant concerns about the expanding power and limited oversight of the Department of Homeland Security and its largest enforcement arm, Immigration and Customs Enforcement. While DHS was originally created to improve coordination and prevent future terrorist attacks, its continued growth has transformed it into a permanent and heavily funded enforcement bureaucracy.
The dramatic increase in ICE funding suggests a shift away from balanced security priorities and toward large scale interior enforcement and detention. Rapid budget expansion can reduce accountability, encourage mission creep, and weaken protections for civil liberties for all of us. As DHS and ICE continue to grow in size and authority, their budgets raise important questions about whether increased spending has led to improved security, or whether this increased funding has come at the cost of loss of our liberty, and of our Constitutional rights, as ICE has become the domestic security force for the White House.
Dear Senator or Representative:
I am an Idaho resident living in [City] Idaho. I am calling out of concern for the significant amount of money we are spending on the budgets for DHS and ICE. DHS has become like some of the big banks during the 2008 financial crisis—TOO BIG TO FAIL! The budget for both ICE and DHS have swelled under the current Administration. Given our significant national debt, and recent requests to increase funding for the Department of War to fund the war in Iran, it seems that cutting the budgets of ICE and DHS make fiscal sense. I do not understand how a Republican Congress and Administration can continue to let our federal budget balloon out of control.
ICE has proven that it is unable to use these funds in a way that protects the liberties and rights of the people of Idaho and of all other U.S. citizens. It is your responsibility to make sure that our tax income is spent responsibly. I do not consider the actions of ICE in keeping with the Constitutional norms that Idaho law enforcement agencies must follow. Their funding should be limited until they can prove that they can enforce the law AND protect our Constitutional rights.
I am asking that you seek immediate cuts to the DHS and ICE budget in order to keep our national debt under control, at least until the costs of war have been curtailed.
[Your Name]
State: Idaho
Party: Republican
Contact: 239 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510
(202) 224-6142
State: Idaho
Party: Republican
Contact: 1514 Longworth HOB Washington, DC 20515
(202) 225-6611
State: Idaho
Party: Republican
Contact: 483 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510
(202) 224-2752
State: Idaho
Party: Republican
Contact: 2084 Rayburn HOB Washington, DC 20515
(202) 225-5531
I am writing out of concern for the significant amount of money we are spending on the budgets for DHS and ICE. DHS has become like some of the big banks during the 2008 financial crisis—TOO BIG TO FAIL! The budget for both ICE and DHS have swelled under the current Administration. Given our significant national debt, and recent requests to increase funding for the Department of War to fund the war in Iran, it seems that cutting the budgets of ICE and DHS make fiscal sense. I do not understand how a Republican Congress and Administration can continue to let our federal budget balloon out of control.
ICE has proven that it is unable to use these funds in a way that protects the liberties and rights of the people of Idaho and of all other U.S. citizens. It is your responsibility to make sure that our tax income is spent responsibly. I do not consider the actions of ICE in keeping with the Constitutional norms that Idaho law enforcement agencies must follow. Their funding should be limited until they can prove that they can enforce the law AND protect our Constitutional rights.
I am asking that you seek immediate cuts to the DHS and ICE budget in order to keep our national debt under control, at least until the costs of war have been curtailed.
Sincerely,
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State: Idaho
Party: Republican
Contact: 239 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510
(202) 224-6142
State: Idaho
Party: Republican
Contact: 1514 Longworth HOB Washington, DC 20515
(202) 225-6611
State: Idaho
Party: Republican
Contact: 483 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510
(202) 224-2752
State: Idaho
Party: Republican
Contact: 2084 Rayburn HOB Washington, DC 20515
(202) 225-5531
I am writing out of concern for the significant amount of money we are spending on the budgets for DHS and ICE. DHS has become like some of the big banks during the 2008 financial crisis—TOO BIG TO FAIL! The budget for both ICE and DHS have swelled under the current Administration. Given our significant national debt, and recent requests to increase funding for the Department of War to fund the war in Iran, it seems that cutting the budgets of ICE and DHS make fiscal sense. I do not understand how a Republican Congress and Administration can continue to let our federal budget balloon out of control.
ICE has proven that it is unable to use these funds in a way that protects the liberties and rights of the people of Idaho and of all other U.S. citizens. It is your responsibility to make sure that our tax income is spent responsibly. I do not consider the actions of ICE in keeping with the Constitutional norms that Idaho law enforcement agencies must follow. Their funding should be limited until they can prove that they can enforce the law AND protect our Constitutional rights.
I am asking that you seek immediate cuts to the DHS and ICE budget in order to keep our national debt under control, at least until the costs of war have been curtailed.
Sincerely,